面向角速度测量的小型化束流式原子干涉仪
DOI:
CSTR:
作者:
作者单位:

1.北京航天控制仪器研究所北京100854; 2.中国航天科技集团有限公司量子工程研究中心北京100094; 3.中国航天科技集团有限公司北京100854

作者简介:

通讯作者:

中图分类号:

TH824

基金项目:


Compact atom interferometer based on atomic beams for rotation sensing
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Beijing Institute of Aerospace Control Devices, Beijing 100854, China; 2.Quantum Engineering Research Center, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Beijing 100094, China; 3.China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Beijing 100854, China

Fund Project:

  • 摘要
  • |
  • 图/表
  • |
  • 访问统计
  • |
  • 参考文献
  • |
  • 相似文献
  • |
  • 引证文献
  • |
  • 资源附件
  • |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    原子干涉惯性技术凭借其超高灵敏度、超高精度等优势近年来成为了新一代惯性技术的重要发展方向,并处于从实验室环境走向工程应用的重要阶段。国外已开展了原子干涉惯性测量单元的机载试验验证工作,国内仍处于原理样机研制阶段,在小型化方面较为落后。面向工程环境应用需求,以束流式原子干涉仪的小型化设计与实现为主要研究目标,研制了国内首个面向角速度测量的小型化束流式原子干涉仪装置。该装置通过优化原子炉和真空腔体结构设计、减小表头光机结构件等方式,将传统束流式原子干涉仪1 m以上的表头长度压缩至0.6 m。基于该装置实现了原子干涉信号的检测与原子干涉相位的提取,并完成了陀螺效应的验证,表明该装置具备角速度测量能力。采用传统陀螺仪对该装置进行标定,得到角速度测量的标度因数为5.45×107 LSB/(°/s),与理论值5.16×107 LSB/(°/s)误差为5.3%。经测试,该装置实现角速度测量的角随机游走指标为5.5×10-3°/h1/2,量程约为(-640°/h,640°/h),数据输出率为190 Hz。该装置方案具有结构紧凑、表头体积小、测量数据率高等优势,基于该方案可进一步开展双路对射原子干涉惯性仪表的研制,实现加速度和角速度的闭环解耦输出,提升动态性能的同时扩大其测量范围,为研制工程环境可用的小型化束流式原子干涉惯性测量单元奠定技术基础。

    Abstract:

    Atom-interferometer inertial technology has been recognized as an important development direction for next-generation inertial technology in recent years owing to its ultra-high sensitivity and precision, and it is now at a critical stage of moving from laboratory environments toward engineering applications. While airborne experiments involving atomic interference inertial measurement units (IMUs) have been successfully conducted abroad, domestic research remains largely at the stage of proof-of-concept prototyping, lagging notably in miniaturization efforts. Addressing the demands of operational environments, this article focuses on the compact design and implementation of a beam-type atomic interferometer. We developed the first domestic miniaturized beam-type atomic interferometer specifically designed for rotation rate measurement. By optimizing the structural design of the atomic oven and vacuum chamber, and by reducing the footprint of the optical components, we successfully compressed the length of the sensor head from over 1 m in conventional designs to 0.6 m. Utilizing this apparatus, we achieved the detection of atomic interference signals and the extraction of interference phases, subsequently verifying the gyroscopic effect to confirm the device′s capability for rotation rate measurement. Calibration against a conventional gyroscope yielded a scale factor of 5.45×107 LSB/(°/s), exhibiting a deviation of merely 5.3% from the theoretical value of 5.16×107 LSB/(°/s). Performance testing revealed an angle random walk (ARW) of 5.5×10-3°/h, a measurement range of approximately (-640°/h, 640°/h), and a data output rate of 190 Hz. The proposed scheme offers distinct advantages, including a compact structure, reduced sensor volume, and high data rates. This work lays the technological groundwork for developing miniaturized atom-interferometer IMUs with atomic beams suitable for engineering applications. Future efforts based on this architecture will involve constructing dual-beam counter-propagating interferometers to achieve closed-loop decoupled outputs for both acceleration and rotation rate, thereby enhancing dynamic performance while extending the measurement range.

    参考文献
    相似文献
    引证文献
引用本文

孟至欣,李嘉华,范晓婷,郭瑞琦,邓意成,王学锋,王巍.面向角速度测量的小型化束流式原子干涉仪[J].仪器仪表学报,2026,47(8):224-231

复制
分享
相关视频

文章指标
  • 点击次数:
  • 下载次数:
  • HTML阅读次数:
  • 引用次数:
历史
  • 收稿日期:
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-10-29
  • 出版日期:
文章二维码