无轴承磁通切换电机转子五自由度磁悬浮协同控制研究
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福州大学数字能源福建省高校重点实验室福州350108

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TM341TH165.2

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福建省自然科学基金(2021J02023)项目资助


Coordinated levitation control for a bearingless flux-switching permanent magnet motor with five degrees of freedom
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Fuzhou University Key Laboratory of Energy Digitalization, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350108, China

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    摘要:

    无轴承磁通切换电机(BFSPMM)永磁体置于电机定子侧,散热路径极佳,从根本上解决了高速下转子永磁体易退磁的难题,确保了高温工况下的可靠性。同时,它融合了磁通切换电机的高功率密度、高转矩特性与无轴承技术的无接触、无磨损优点,理论上可实现转子的多自由度主动悬浮。作为下一代高速电主轴的核心,将直接提升高端数控机床的加工精度与效率;在飞轮储能系统中,可实现超高转速运行,大幅提升储能密度;此外,在航空航天、半导体制造、生命科学等对无污染、超高转速有严苛要求的特种领域,具有不可替代的潜力,是驱动未来高端装备升级的关键技术之一。但现有的BFSPMM只能实现转子两自由度(2-DOF)磁悬浮。为此,利用两台BFSPMM及一个轴向磁轴承构建新型转子五自由度磁悬浮的无轴承磁通切换电机(5-DOF-BFSPMM),并提出高性能五自由度磁悬浮协同控制策略。两台BFSPMM同轴,且沿圆周方向错开3°安装,实现两台电机齿槽转矩相互抵消;结合电机特殊结构,推导出5-DOF-BFSPMM的转子五自由度动力学模型;基于动力学模型,提出基于转子平动位移与锥动角解耦的转子五自由度磁悬浮协同控制策略。实验结果表明,所提出的转子五自由度磁悬浮协同控制策略实现了5-DOF-BFSPMM转子五自由度高性能磁悬浮控制,稳态径向位移脉动降低了41.9%,径向扰动幅值降低了32.9%。

    Abstract:

    The bearingless flux-switching permanent magnet motor (BFSPMM) places the permanent magnets on the stator side of the motor, providing an excellent heat dissipation path and fundamentally solving the problem of demagnetization of the rotor permanent magnets at high speeds, ensuring reliability under high-temperature conditions. Meanwhile, it combines the high power density and high torque characteristics of flux-switching motors with the non-contact and wear-free advantages of bearingless technology, theoretically enabling multi-degree-of-freedom active suspension of the rotor. As the core of the next-generation high-speed electric spindle, it will directly enhance the processing accuracy and efficiency of high-end CNC machine tools. In flywheel energy storage systems, it can achieve ultra-high-speed operation, significantly increasing energy storage density. Additionally, in special fields such as aerospace, semiconductor manufacturing, and life sciences, which have strict requirements for pollution-free and ultra-high-speed operation, it has irreplaceable potential and is one of the key technologies driving the upgrade of future high-end equipment. However, conventional BFSPMMs can only achieve two-degrees-of-freedom (2-DOF) magnetic levitation for the rotor. To address this limitation, this article constructs a novel Bearingless Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Motor with Five Degrees of Freedom (5-DOF-BFSPMM) by employing two BFSPMMs and one axial magnetic bearing, and proposes a high-performance cooperative levitation control strategy for five-degree-of-freedom control. Two BFSPMMs are coaxially arranged and installed with a 3° circumferential offset to cancel their cogging torques mutually. Based on the unique structure of the motor, the 5-DOF dynamic model of the 5-DOF-BFSPMM rotor is derived. Furthermore, leveraging this dynamic model, a cooperative levitation control strategy is proposed, which decouples the rotor′s translational displacements and tilting angles. Experimental results show that the proposed cooperative levitation control strategy successfully achieves high-performance magnetic levitation control for all five degrees of freedom in the 5-DOF-BFSPMM. Specifically, the steady-state radial displacement ripple is reduced by 41.9%, and the radial disturbance amplitude is suppressed by 32.9%.

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孙康阳,周扬忠,钟天云,赵家恺.无轴承磁通切换电机转子五自由度磁悬浮协同控制研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2025,46(12):386-396

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-03-02
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