For the study of wave spectrum wind speed inversion, although a preliminary inversion model with a slope of -4 power law in the wave spectrum equilibrium range has been established, however, for the complex and variable measured wave spectrum, the inversion of a single slope model is not effective. Aiming at the problem of variable spectral slope, an adaptive wave spectrum slope wind speed inversion algorithm is proposed by quantifying the spectral coefficients corresponding to the wave spectrum function. In order to verify the accuracy of the algorithm for wind estimation, this paper investigates the inversion of sea surface wind speed by using a large amount of wind and wave data observed by NDBC buoys, and the results show that the correlation coefficient R=0.83 between the inversion wind speed of the adaptive wave slope algorithm and the measured wind speed, which is significantly correlated, and the mean deviation BIAS and root mean square error RMSE are 0.75 m/s and 2.48 m/s, respectively. The offshore sea trial experiments show that the algorithm is still effective and universal. In general, the error between the adaptive wave spectrum slope inversion wind speed algorithm and the measured wind speed is relatively small and the inversion accuracy is better, which provides a new idea for wind and wave observation and wind and wave research, and the algorithm can be integrated and applied to the ocean observation application platform, combining theoretical research with engineering practice.