In order to ensure the operation safety of industrial machinery and equipment, avoid vibration damage, realize the real-time monitoring of mechanical equipment vibration signals, and improve the real-time performance of vibration monitoring, a vibration acquisition and monitoring system was designed, which took the FPGA of Altera EP4E115F29C7N as the digital control unit, and carried out data transmission through Ethernet UDP protocol. The system adopts multi-point vibration signal acquisition, the collected signal is pre-processed and stored to external SDRAM, and then the stored data is packaged into UDP data packet format and uploaded to the computer through the network cable. Finally, LabVIEW is used to upload data filtering to the lower computer system and display the vibration waveform of mechanical equipment. Ethernet communication technology to reduce the vibration data in long distance transmission delay loss, in the vibration of mechanical equipment in the running state of the system can realize high speed data transmission, real-time monitoring, vibration signal to realize the remote on-line monitoring vibration signal, will help the staff for the remote real-time monitoring of machinery vibration state, It is suitable for inconvenient collection and complex working conditions.