基于改进U2-Net和生成对抗网络的深海图像增强算法
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青岛科技大学自动化与电子工程学院 青岛 266061

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TN98

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山东省自然科学基金(ZR2024MD029)项目资助


Deep-sea image enhancement algorithm based on improved U2-Net and GAN
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College of Automation and Electronic Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266061,China

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    摘要:

    高质量深海图像对研究海洋生物、地形和地质等领域的发展至关重要。针对深海图像存在的颜色失真、图像模糊、对比度低等问题,提出一种以改进U2-Net为GAN生成器的深海图像增强算法U2-GAN。首先,在U-Net中引入RSU模块来构建改进U2-Net,加强对高层抽象特征和低层细节信息的融合。其次,在改进U2-Net的跳跃连接部分引入DA注意力机制,强化空间与各通道之间的相互关系,提取水下颜色和纹理细节。然后,将融入DA注意力机制的U2-Net作为GAN网络的生成器,在对抗中提升增强图像的真实性,并且引入边缘损失和感知损失,重构DS损失函数,多角度指导网络学习深海图像到目标图像的映射关系。最后,在自建数据集DSIED上对U2-GAN与7种先进水下图像增强算法进行对比。U2-Net在PSNR、SSIM、IE、UIQM、UCIQE、PCQI相较于Sea-Pix-GAN提高了5.6%、3.9%、5.2%、16.0%、7.1%、2.4%,具有更好的水下图像增强效果。

    Abstract:

    High-quality deep-sea images are essential for the development of marine biology, topography and geology etc. In order to solve the problems of color distortion, image blur and low contrast in deep-sea images, we propose a deep-sea image enhancement network using improved U2-Net as the GAN generator. Firstly, the RSU module is introduced in U-Net to enhance the fusion of high-level and low-level information in the network. Secondly, the DA mechanism is introduced in the skip connection of U2-Net, which is used to enhance the interrelationship between the space and channel of the image, and extract the underwater color and texture details. Then, U2-Net with the DA mechanism, is used as the generator of GAN to enhance the realism of the image in the adversity. In addition, a new loss function with edge loss and perceived loss is reconstructed, called DS-Loss and the mapping relationship between deep-sea images and target images of U2-GAN is guided by DS-Loss from multiple perspectives. Finally, U2-GAN is compared with seven advanced underwater image enhancement algorithms on the self-built dataset DSIED. Compared with the second-place Sea-Pix-GAN, U2-Net improves by 5.6%, 3.9%, 5.2%, 16.0%, 7.1% and 2.4% in PSNR, SSIM, IE, UIQM, UCIQE, and PCQI, demonstrating better underwater image enhancement effects.

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张泽群,张春堂,樊春玲.基于改进U2-Net和生成对抗网络的深海图像增强算法[J].电子测量技术,2026,49(1):199-206

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-02-11
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