A closed-loop control scheme for the driving mode of a vibrating ring gyroscope based on phase control and automatic gain control is proposed, which is to better control the working state of the gyroscope driving mode, thereby improving the stability of the driving amplitude and the real-time tracking ability of the resonant frequency. First, based on the dynamic characteristics of the vibrating ring gyroscope and the electromechanical interface features, an electromechanical interface with symmetric electrostatic driving and differential capacitive sensing was designed. On this basis, a closed-loop drive control scheme based on phase control and automatic gain control was proposed. Furthermore, an electromechanical coupling simulation model of the closed-loop drive control was constructed. The self-excited oscillation control of the drive mode, amplitude stability, and frequency tracking state were simulated, validating the dynamic performance of the system. Finally, a closed-loop control circuit for the driving mode was designed based on the proposed scheme, and the performance of the circuit was tested. The experimental results show that the driving signal frequency of this circuit can effectively track the variations in the resonant frequency of the gyroscope′s driving mode. When the temperature varies within the range of -40℃ to 60℃, the variation range of the drive detection voltage is less than 5.08%, and the relative change in amplitude with temperature is less than 0.059%, which meets the requirements for stable amplitude drive over the full temperature range.