In view of the fact that the electric field sensor in the market can only detect the vertical component of one-dimensional electric field, and there are some errors in the electric field measurement results, in order to measure the intensity of atmospheric electric field more accurately and improve the accuracy of thunderstorm cloud early warning, this paper proposes a field-grinding three-dimensional atmospheric electric field sensor. The main structure of the sensor is composed of a shield, an induction electrode, a photoelectric switch, a blade and a motor. The circuit design mainly includes an I-V conversion circuit, a differential amplifier circuit, a peak detection circuit and a filter circuit, etc., and the field electric field measurement experiment of the sensor is carried out and the experimental data are sorted The experimental results show that the sensor can measure the horizontal and vertical components of the environmental electric field, which effectively reflects the characteristics of the environmental electric field, and verifies the effectiveness of the structural design and circuit design of the field grinding three-dimensional atmospheric electric field sensor.