In order to solve the deficiencies in bandwidth, flexibility, transmission distance and reliability of traditional buses in high-speed data transmission between FPGA and FPGA, a Serial RapidIO (SRIO) interconnection architecture and photoelectric conversion module are proposed. The long-distance high-speed data transmission program. This solution uses Xilinx's ZYNQ7000 series FPGA and Kintex7 series FPGA as the interconnection equipment of RapidIO. It implements the SRIO transmission protocol by calling Xilinx's IP core and completes the communication by programming the user interface of the logic layer. The data exchange interface adopts a photoelectric conversion module and replaces it with an optical cable. The cable realizes long-distance data exchange. After a large number of tests, the solution achieved a transmission speed of 444Mbps by connecting a 10km optical cable at both ends of the communication, zero error and zero frame loss during the transmission process, and the system is stable and reliable.