The leakage of buried oil pipeline will cause pollution of the surrounding soil and groundwater, which will seriously threaten people's property even life safety. This paper first studies the influence of buried oil pipeline leakage on the porosity and water saturation of the surrounding soil, and then obtains the dielectric constant of contaminated soil. Then the radar echo of pipeline and its surrounding soil under different leakage conditions is simulated by computer, and the influence of pipeline leakage on radar echo is analyzed.It provides support for improving the effectiveness of radar detection data interpretation and detection accuracy of buried pipelines and their conditions.