Due to the limitation of frequency band, polarization and ground antenna resources, data reception may have potential interference risks. This paper expounds the situation of three satellite digital frequency, bandwidth and the polarization of antenna as the channel design, establishes double satellite signal interference simulation model, and analyzes the influence of the multi-satellite in-orbit network observation on the data reception. The analysis results show that the multi-satellite data transmission signal characteristics and channel parameters is reasonable and feasible. In the case that multiple satellites exist and are visible to the same ground station, through the adjustment of their orbit optimization, the simultaneous visibility of multiple satellites with domestic and foreign ground stations can be avoided, so as to ensure the normal transmission and receiving of data.