Aiming at the problem of large filtering error of laser data when actually measuring topography, a topographic survey and processing method based on laser electric cloud data is designed. Collecting laser point cloud data, combining public target method and least square method to complete the point cloud data and automatically filter non-ground data, transforming the plane coordinates and elevation of laser point cloud data, generating topography contour lines of the area to be measured, and realizing topography measurement of the area. The performance of the design method is verified by experiments. The results show that the method can realize the splicing and filtering processing of laser point cloud data at scattered stations, and the filtering performance is stable and the filtering error is low, with an average of 2.1%. It can accurately measure the topography of the experimental area, with an average coordinate error of 0.187, which meets the needs of high-precision measurement of topography in practical applications.