In order to realize the effective transmission of optical signals,reduce the influence of optical fiber dispersion and nonlinearity on the communication system. In this paper,a new photoelectric dispersion compensation technology based on intermediate dispersion compensation of fiber bragg grating (FBG) is proposed, namely,applying intermediate dispersion compensation based on FBG in the transmission linkand electrical dispersion compensation technique at the receiving end. Through this method, the dispersion compensation of single channel and multichannel system for 40 Gbit/s, zero return (RZ) code signals is realized.Compared with the optical dispersion compensation technology, the compensation performance of photoelectric dispersion compensation technology is better than the optical dispersion compensation technology when the input power is high. At the same time, it can also maintain high Q value, pave the way for the upgrade and expansion of the system.