Atmospheric turbulence motion has a significant impact on the radio waves in time and space. Described refractive index structure constant turbulence is the most important method. Through the establishment of refractive index structure parameter model is to study the effects of atmospheric turbulence on the wireless communication of highspeed rail. Through the use of wind engineering and the basic principles of aerodynamics and the introduction of the train winds is to deduce one refractive index structure constant model in highspeed rail. The main parameters of the model inputs are trains wind, temperature and humidity. Through theoretical analysis and experimental results verify the train winds refractive index structure constant are mainly train the boundary layer thickness, the distance from the side wall of the train, train and train vehicle height. By analyzing model we can know, speed, temperature and humidity have greater impact. in fact,the next of impact is the thickness of the boundary layer of the train, the distance from the side wall of the train and the train height. And for studying the propagation of radio waves at high speed railway we provides a theoretical reference.