An implementation of data transmission system based on FPGA gigabit Ethernet is designed with Xilinx VC707 evaluation board. The board integrates MAC hardcore and PHY chip, therefore supplying the foundation for Ethernet data transmission. The design also implements the UDP/IP protocol stack and allows data transmission based on UDP protocol between the host computer and the system. Besides, the data could be cached with the DDR3 that evaluation board possesses. Practices certify that the system is capable of implementing highspeed and accurate data transmission.